Abdul Hadi Awang

概览

哈迪阿旺（1947年10月20日生）现任伊斯兰党主席，并自1990年至2004年、以及2008年至今连续出任登嘉楼马兰国会议员。他先后毕业于麦地那伊斯兰大学及爱资哈尔大学，具备深厚的伊斯兰学术背景，是马来西亚最主要伊斯兰政党逾二十年来的核心领袖人物，曾任登嘉楼州务大臣（1999至2004年）及联邦反对党领袖（2003至2004年）。截至2026年，他仍担任伊斯兰党主席，领导党内参与国盟联盟事务，并代表马兰选区在众议院履行议员职责，为第16届全国大选部署积极备战。

简介

丹斯里拿督斯里端姑哈芝哈迪阿旺于1947年10月20日出生于登嘉楼马兰区的勒西拉甘榜[1]。他早年就读于勒西拉国民小学及马兰宗教学校，其后负笈沙特阿拉伯，于1969年至1973年间在麦地那伊斯兰大学修读伊斯兰法学（Syariah）学士课程，并在埃及开罗爱资哈尔大学取得政治学（伊斯兰政治学）硕士学位[2]。学成归国后，他先后任职于登嘉楼伊斯兰基金会，并出任马来西亚伊斯兰青年运动（ABIM）登嘉楼州主席[3]。哈迪阿旺自1964年起投身伊斯兰党政治，首次参选为1978年马兰州议席补选，惜以64票之差落败[1]。此后他在党内节节晋升，分别于1980年出任副主席、1989年出任署理主席，并于2003年法兹诺逝世后接任代主席一职[1]。2005年，他正式就任伊斯兰党主席，并于2025至2027年任期中以无竞争方式连任[4]。他于1999年11月至2004年3月间出任登嘉楼第11任州务大臣，并于2003年至2004年间担任联邦反对党领袖[1]。他自1990年起至2004年，以及自2008年起至今，连续出任马兰国会议员[1]。2020年4月2日，他获时任首相慕尤丁委任为首相中东事务特使，享有部长级待遇，任期至2021年8月[5]。哈迪阿旺育有14名子女，分属两段婚姻，并著有逾160部伊斯兰课题著作[4]。

代表性议题

哈迪阿旺是伊斯兰党历史上任期最长的主席，自2003年起领导该党至今。他以推动修订《伊斯兰刑事司法权法令》（RUU355）闻名——该私人议员法案于2017年4月在众议院提呈，旨在扩大伊斯兰法庭的量刑权力，在全国引发广泛争议[6]。此外，他于1981年发表的政治性布道词「哈迪宣言」（Amanat Hadi）影响深远，其诠释与意涵数十年来争议不断[1]。

政治立场

哈迪阿旺长期致力于将伊斯兰法律纳入马来西亚国家治理框架，并加以扩展。他最具体的立法行动，是于2017年4月在众议院提呈修订《1965年伊斯兰刑事司法权法令》（RUU355）的私人议员法案，寻求扩大伊斯兰法庭的量刑权限[7]。他一贯主张，伊斯兰事务属马来统治者的管辖范畴，非穆斯林议员不应介入[8]。在外交层面，他自2020年4月起出任中东事务特使，职责涵盖宗教、教育、贸易及投资等领域[9]。在国内联盟政治方面，哈迪阿旺于2026年5月表示，伊斯兰党正重新检视与国盟内土团党的盟友关系，原因是土团党一连串令伊党感到不满的举措[10]。在第16届全国大选首相人选问题上，他于2025年9月表示，伊斯兰党属意由70岁以下、身体健康者出任首相，并坦言自己并不适合担此重任[11]。

教育背景

1. 1955Began formal education at Rusila National School, followed by secondary education at Marang Religious School and Sultan Zainal Abidin Religious Secondary School, Kuala Terengganu.⛓
2. 1969–1973Pursued a Bachelor's degree in Syariah at the Islamic University of Madinah, funded by the Saudi Arabian government.⛓
3. 1974–1976Obtained a Master's degree in Siyasah Syar'iyyah (Islamic Political Science) from Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.⛓

从政前经历

1. 1977–1978Served as an officer at the Terengganu Islam Foundation. Also joined Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia (ABIM), becoming its Terengganu state chief.⛓

政治生涯

1. 1964Began involvement in PAS politics at age 17, serving as branch secretary of PAS Kampung Rusila, Marang.⛓
2. 1976Appointed Terengganu PAS Youth Chief and member of the Central PAS Youth Council EXCO.⛓
3. 1978Appointed Acting Vice President of PAS Central; contested the Marang state constituency in GE4 for PAS, losing by 64 votes.⛓
4. 7 April 1981Delivered the 'Amanat Hadi' sermon at Kampung Banggol, Peradong, Kuala Terengganu, a speech whose political significance has been debated extensively since.⛓
5. 1982Won the Marang state seat (DUN) with a majority of 320 votes in GE5, though lost the Dungun parliamentary contest.⛓
6. 1989Elected PAS Deputy President when Fadzil Noor became party President.⛓
7. 1990First elected as Member of Parliament for Marang in GE8, a seat he has held in most subsequent elections.⛓
8. 2 November 1999Appointed 11th Menteri Besar of Terengganu after PAS won 28 of 32 state seats in GE10; served until March 2004.⛓
9. 2003–2004Served as Federal Opposition Leader, replacing the late Fadzil Noor. Lost the Marang parliamentary seat in the 2004 general election.⛓
10. 2005Officially confirmed as PAS President at the party convention, following his acting role since 2003.⛓
11. 2008Regained the Marang parliamentary seat in GE12, resuming his role as MP for Marang.⛓
12. April 2017Tabled a private member's bill (RUU355) in the Dewan Rakyat to amend the Syariah Courts (Criminal Jurisdiction) Act 1965, seeking expanded sentencing powers for Syariah courts.⛓
13. 2 April 2020Appointed Prime Minister's Special Envoy to the Middle East with ministerial rank by PM Muhyiddin Yassin, covering religion, education, trade and investment interests.⛓
14. 16 August 2021Tenure as Prime Minister's Special Envoy to the Middle East ended following the collapse of the Muhyiddin-led Perikatan Nasional government.⛓
15. September 2025Retained PAS presidency uncontested at the party's 71st Annual General Assembly for the 2025–2027 leadership term.⛓

选举历史

• 2022Marang (Parliament)胜出⛓
• 2018Marang (Parliament)胜出⛓
• 2013Marang (Parliament)胜出⛓
• 2008Marang (Parliament)胜出⛓
• 2004Marang (Parliament)落败⛓
• 1999Marang (Parliament)胜出⛓
• 1995Marang (Parliament)胜出⛓
• 1990Marang (Parliament)胜出⛓
• 1986Ru Rendang (State – DUN)胜出⛓
• 1986Marang (Parliament)落败⛓
• 1982Marang (State – DUN)胜出⛓
• 1982Dungun (Parliament)落败⛓
• 1978Marang (State – DUN)落败⛓

对关键议题的立场

• ExpertUniversiti Malaya socio-political analyst Prof Datuk Dr Awang Azman Awang Pawi assessed that Abdul Hadi is seen as the most senior PAS leader with historical legitimacy and ideological influence within PN, but that his health and the demands of the PAS presidency open possibilities for alternative candidates for the Perikatan Nasional chairmanship.⛓
• ExpertDr Oh Ei Sun, adjunct senior fellow at Singapore's S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, assessed that Hadi's 2020 appointment as Special Envoy to the Middle East was a political appointment to appease party presidents not included in Cabinet, entitling them to ministerial privileges domestically and abroad.⛓
• OppositionThe G25 group of former senior civil servants issued statements arguing that RUU355 (Abdul Hadi's private member's bill) is unconstitutional and would create two sets of laws for the same crimes, affecting all Malaysians regardless of religion.⛓
• VerifiedFactsThe Federal Court dismissed BN candidate Jasmira Othman's election petition on 15 November 2023, upholding Abdul Hadi's GE15 victory in Marang with a majority of 41,729 votes. The three-member bench ruled that the petitioner failed to prove the petition beyond reasonable doubt.⛓
• GovernmentWhen Abdul Hadi was appointed Special Envoy to the Middle East in 2020, the Prime Minister's Office stated his role was to advise the PM on enhancing Malaysia's interests in the region, covering fields of Islam, education, trade and investment, and that his work outcomes were reported directly to the Prime Minister.⛓

重要法律记录

法庭记录（2019年2月1日定案，伦敦高等法院王座庭）：哈迪阿旺与《砂拉越报告》编辑克莱尔·露卡素尔-布朗，就一宗诽谤纠纷达成同意令，庭外和解。哈迪阿旺撤回其诉讼索求，该索求于2017年4月提出，起因为《砂拉越报告》2016年一篇文章——文章指称伊斯兰党收受时任首相纳吉·阿都拉沙的9000万令吉政治献金；露卡素尔-布朗亦同时撤回反诉。同意令列明双方各自承担诉讼费用，法庭不作费用命令（来源：bernama.com；malaymail.com；malaysiakini.com）。 露卡素尔-布朗的立场：她公开表示感到「完全得到平反」，原文章亦继续保留在网上（来源：thestar.com.my）。她其后向《The Edge Malaysia》披露，已从哈迪阿旺处获得140万令吉作为和解款项（来源：theedgemalaysia.com）。 伊斯兰党的立场：党秘书长达基尤丁哈桑否认任何款项曾予支付，并援引同意令中不作费用命令的条款为据（来源：theedgemalaysia.com；malaysiakini.com）。党政治秘书亦声明法庭并无颁下费用命令。 双方代表均表示，和解条款属保密性质。