莫哈末·哈山 (Mohamad Hasan)

概览

莫哈末·哈山（1956年5月2日生），人称"Tok Mat"，现任仁保国会议员（森美兰）、巫统副主席，并自2023年起在首相安华领导的团结政府中出任外交部长。从政前，他担任森美兰州务大臣长达14年（2004—2018年），后于第15届全国大选中以近两万票多数赢得仁保国会议席，正式进入联邦政治舞台。他拥有深厚的银行与商界背景，是巫统资深领导人，也是推动巫统留守团结政府的主要力量之一。

简介

莫哈末·哈山（Mohamad bin Hasan，1956年5月2日生），人称"Tok Mat"或"Mat Hasan"，是马来西亚资深政治人物。自2022年11月第15届全国大选起，他出任森美兰州仁保国会议员，同时保留该州仁保县的蓝道州议席，历届选举均告蝉联[1]。他出生于芙蓉蓝道甘榜贡都希里，早年就读于当地学校，后升读芙蓉端姑安班督拉中学，完成高中课程，并于1975年考入马来亚大学攻读国际关系[1]。从政前，他长期任职于银行与商界：1988年至1992年出任伦敦马来亚银行（Bank Bumiputera London）总经理，1992年至1994年担任Cold Storage Malaysia Berhad首席执行员，1994年至2004年出任Cycle and Carriage Bintang Berhad董事总经理。他亦曾任国库控股（Khazanah Nasional Berhad）董事、FIMA集团主席及雪邦国际赛道董事[1]。2004年，他正式踏入政坛，赢得蓝道州议席，并于同年3月25日宣誓就任森美兰第10任州务大臣，任期延至2018年[1]。自2018年起，他出任巫统副主席兼国阵副主席至今[1]。在首相安华领导的团结政府中，他于2022年12月首任国防部长，翌年内阁改组后转掌外交部[1]。第15届全国大选中，他以19,897票多数胜选仁保国会议席[2]。

代表性议题

莫哈末·哈山最为人称道的，是他长达14年的森美兰州务大臣任期（2004—2018年）。任内，该州拖欠联邦政府的债务据报从20亿令吉大幅降至7亿令吉，至2018年更积累了5亿令吉的现金储备[1]。在巫统党内，他被视为稳定领导层的关键人物——2018年12月19日至2019年6月30日间，他于党主席阿末扎希停职六个月期间代行主席职务；此后，他持续主张巫统留守团结政府[3]。自2023年出任外交部长以来，他是马来西亚对外事务的首席代言人，尤其在马来西亚担任2025年东盟轮值主席国期间，积极主导相关外交议程[4]。

政治立场

党内团结方面：莫哈末曾公开呼吁巫统党员保持团结，拒绝被外界用来与党主席阿末扎希对立，强调应以党的利益为重，而非个人政治野心[5]。团结政府立场方面：他一贯反对巫统退出团结政府，警告此举将危害国家政局稳定；同时强调，马来人议程仍是施政优先，巫统留在内阁有助于确保相关决策符合此议程[5]。外交政策方面：身为外交部长，他积极倡导东盟中心地位与多边主义，并公开支持巴勒斯坦人民的权益，批评某些提案构成"种族清洗"且违反国际法[4]。宗教与政治方面：他曾公开批评反对派政治人物在选举活动中借用宗教叙事，认为此类做法有失妥当[5]。森美兰2026年政治危机方面：当14名国阵州议员撤回对州务大臣的支持时，他呼吁解散森美兰州议会，以此作为化解危机的正当途径[5]。

教育背景

1. 1975Enrolled to read International Relations at the University of Malaya (UM), after completing secondary education at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Rantau and Form 6 at Tuanku Ampuan Durah Secondary School, Seremban.⛓

从政前经历

1. Late 1970s–1980sBegan banking career at Malayan Banking Berhad (Maybank) as a trainee officer, rising to assistant branch manager at the Petaling Jaya main branch, before moving to Arab Malaysia Merchant Bank where he served as Manager at their Johor Bahru branch.⛓
2. 1988–1992Served as General Manager of Bank Bumiputera London at Bank Bumiputera Malaysia Berhad.⛓
3. 1992–1994Served as Chief Executive Officer of Cold Storage Malaysia Berhad.⛓
4. 1994–2004Served as Managing Director of Cycle and Carriage Bintang Berhad. Also held board positions at Khazanah Nasional Berhad, FIMA Berhad Group (as Chairman), and Sepang International Circuit.⛓

政治生涯

1. 25 March 2004Sworn in as the 10th Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan following Barisan Nasional's victory in the 2004 general election, having also won the Rantau state seat.⛓
2. 2018Ended 14-year tenure as Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan following UMNO and BN's defeat in the 14th General Election. Became Leader of the Opposition in the Negeri Sembilan state assembly. Elected UMNO Deputy President.⛓
3. 19 December 2018 – 30 June 2019Served as Acting President of UMNO during Ahmad Zahid Hamidi's six-month garden leave.⛓
4. 13 April 2019Won the Rantau state by-election after the Federal Court upheld an Election Court ruling that declared his uncontested 2018 victory null and void, as the PKR candidate had been barred from filing nomination papers.⛓
5. 20 November 2022Won the Rembau parliamentary seat at the 15th General Election (GE15) with a majority of 19,897 votes, polling 53,075 votes.⛓
6. 2 December 2022Appointed Minister of Defence in Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim's cabinet.⛓
7. 12 August 2023Retained the Rantau state seat in the 2023 Negeri Sembilan state election with a majority of 10,280 votes.⛓
8. 2023Appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs in a cabinet reshuffle, taking over from Zambry Abdul Kadir, while Mohamed Khaled Nordin took over the Defence portfolio.⛓

选举历史

• 2023Rantau (Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly)胜出⛓
• 2022Rembau (P131)胜出48.4%⛓
• 2019Rantau by-election (Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly)胜出⛓
• 2013Rantau (Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly)胜出⛓
• 2008Rantau (Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly)胜出⛓
• 2004Rantau (Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly)胜出⛓

对关键议题的立场

• GovernmentAs UMNO Deputy President and Deputy Chairman of BN, Mohamad has consistently presented himself as a stabilising force within the Madani unity government, arguing that UMNO's ministerial participation safeguards Malay interests and prevents unilateral decision-making by coalition partners.⛓
• OppositionPKR's former deputy president Mohamed Azmin Ali acknowledged in 2019 that Mohamad posed a major challenge in Rantau given his advantage as a former Menteri Besar with strong local roots, illustrating the opposition's recognition of his political durability.⛓
• GovernmentThe incoming Pakatan Harapan state government in Negeri Sembilan publicly praised Mohamad's administration after BN's 2018 defeat, particularly regarding the reduction of the state's debt to the federal government.⛓
• IndustryPrior to entering politics, Mohamad's corporate background — including as Managing Director of Cycle and Carriage Bintang Berhad and CEO of Cold Storage Malaysia — was cited by Khairy Jamaluddin in 2019 as the basis for his personal wealth, framing his assets as the result of a pre-political corporate career.⛓
• VerifiedFactsMohamad won the Rembau parliamentary seat at GE15 on 20 November 2022 with 53,075 votes and a majority of 19,897 votes over five candidates, confirmed by The Edge Malaysia and The Star.⛓

商业利益（公开报道）

根据en.wikipedia.org的资料，莫哈末在2004年踏入政坛之前，曾出任国库控股（Khazanah Nasional Berhad）董事会成员、FIMA集团主席，以及雪邦国际赛道（Sepang International Circuit）董事会成员。目前，尚未从可信来源中发现任何有关他现任商业董事职务或商业利益的报道。