尼克纳兹米·尼克阿末 (Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad)

概览

尼克纳兹米·尼克阿末是马来西亚政治人物，自2018年起代表公正党出任雪旺沙国会议员，并于2022年12月至2025年7月在首相安华领导的内阁中出任天然资源及环境可持续发展部长。2025年公正党内部选举受挫后，他辞去部长职务；2026年5月，他放弃国会议席、退出公正党，与拉菲兹联手接掌马来西亚团结党，并宣示将于下届大选以该党旗帜重返雪旺沙。他与马来西亚气候变化政策议程关系最为密切，亦因2014年一宗上诉庭裁定《和平集会法令2012》相关条款违宪的里程碑案件而广为人知。

简介

尼克纳兹米·尼克阿末（Nik Nazmi bin Nik Ahmad），1982年1月12日生于吉隆坡，马来西亚政治人物。他代表公正党（公正党），自2018年至2026年5月出任雪旺沙国会议席（P118，联邦直辖区吉隆坡）议员[1]。其父母原籍吉兰丹哥打峇鲁，本人在雪兰莪八打灵再也成长[1]。他获选就读马来学院（吉隆坡近打），其后获国家股权公司（PNB）奖学金，入读UEM基金大学先修学院修读A水准，并当选学生会主席[1]。毕业后，他负笈英国伦敦国王学院修读法律[2]。短暂在PNB担任法律执行员后，他于2006年加入时任公正党主席安华的办公室[1]。2008年大选，他以公正党最年轻候选人之姿，首次当选雪兰莪州斯里赛蒂亚州议员，并于2013年成功蝉联；2013年6月至2014年9月间，他出任雪兰莪州议会副议长[1]。2018年第14届全国大选，他晋身联邦政坛，以14,372票多数击败对手夺下雪旺沙议席；2022年第15届全国大选再度蝉联，多数票为12,614票[1]。2022年12月，他获委任为安华内阁天然资源、环境及气候变化部长；2023年12月内阁改组后，职衔改为天然资源及环境可持续发展部长[1]。2025年公正党副主席选举落败后，他随即于同年7月4日辞去部长职务[3]。2026年5月，他与拉菲兹联手辞退公正党党籍，并宣告放弃雪旺沙议席，共同接掌马来西亚团结党（Parti Bersama Malaysia）；选委会决定不举行补选[4]。他已表明意愿，将以团结党旗帜在下届大选重夺雪旺沙议席[5]。

代表性议题

尼克纳兹米与马来西亚气候变化及环境政策议程关系密切。2022年12月至2025年7月出任天然资源及环境可持续发展部长期间，他积极推动《国家气候变化法案》立法、建立碳税框架，并代表马来西亚出席《联合国气候变化框架公约》第28届及第29届缔约方大会（COP28、COP29）[6]。他亦是《和平集会法令2012》首位被检控者，其后获判无罪；2014年上诉庭裁定该法令第9（5）条款违宪，此案成为里程碑式的司法判决[7]。2026年5月，他与拉菲兹一同辞去公正党党籍并放弃雪旺沙国会议席，接掌马来西亚团结党，将其定位为独立于执政联盟及传统反对党之外的第三势力，矢志角逐下届大选[8]。

政治立场

在气候与环境议题上，尼克纳兹米主张制定《国家气候变化法案》，规管主要企业排放源；倡议以低税率逐步推行碳税，以减轻经济冲击；并支持马来西亚对齐《巴黎协定》目标，包括2050年实现净零排放[9]。他支持发展碳捕获、利用与封存技术（CCUS），但强调此为马来西亚去碳化策略的组成部分之一，而非唯一手段[10]。在财政政策上，卸任后他公开呼吁将RON95汽油补贴转型为针对性补贴，主张以现金直接援助取代全面燃油补贴，认为此举更具效益，亦可避免医疗及高等教育领域遭预算削减[11]。在公民自由方面，他长期坚定支持和平集会权利，并以亲身挑战《和平集会法令2012》付诸行动[1]。在防洪基建方面，他出任部长期间将相关工程项目由直接谈判改为公开竞标，成功将预计开支从150亿令吉压低至109亿令吉[10]。离开公正党后，他将马来西亚团结党定位为多元种族、中间路线、改革取向的第三势力，有别于现任执政联盟与传统反对阵营[12]。

教育背景

1. Late 1990sAttended the Malay College Kuala Kangsar (MCKK).⛓
2. 2000Received a Permodalan Nasional Berhad (PNB) scholarship for A-Levels at Kolej Yayasan UEM; elected Student Council President.⛓
3. Early 2000sRead law at King's College London; active in UKEC, Federation of Student Islamic Societies, and Labour Students. Elected as a delegate to the National Union of Students (UK) Conference in 2005.⛓

从政前经历

1. 2005–2006Worked briefly as a Legal Executive at Permodalan Nasional Berhad (PNB) before joining PKR president Anwar Ibrahim's office in 2006, repaying his PNB scholarship via a mortgage on a family property.⛓

政治生涯

1. March 2008Won the Seri Setia state seat in Selangor in GE12 with a 2,863-vote majority, becoming the youngest PKR candidate to contest that election.⛓
2. March 2008 – June 2010Served as Political Secretary to Selangor Menteri Besar Tan Sri Abdul Khalid Ibrahim.⛓
3. August 2010Appointed PKR Communications Director.⛓
4. May 2013Defended Seri Setia state seat in GE13, defeating BN's Abdul Halim Samad with a 4,663-vote majority.⛓
5. June 2013 – September 2014Served as Deputy Speaker of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly.⛓
6. 2014Elected PKR Youth Chief at the 2014 PKR leadership election; appointed Selangor State Executive Councillor in charge of Education, Human Capital Development, Science, Technology and Innovation.⛓
7. May 2018Won the Setiawangsa parliamentary seat (P118) in GE14 with a 14,372-vote majority, defeating UMNO's Tan Sri Zulhasnan Rafique. The seat had previously been an UMNO stronghold.⛓
8. 2019–2020Chaired the Parliamentary Special Select Committee on Defence and Home Affairs; also served on the Special Select Committee on Education (2019–2022).⛓
9. November 2022Retained Setiawangsa in GE15 with a 12,164-vote majority, defeating five challengers from BN, PN, Pejuang, and two independents.⛓
10. 3 December 2022Appointed Minister of Natural Resources, Environment and Climate Change in the Anwar Ibrahim cabinet; elected one of PKR's four vice-presidents with 34,496 votes at the 2022 PKR leadership election.⛓
11. 12 December 2023Ministry renamed to Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability following a cabinet reshuffle in which the previous ministry was split into two.⛓
12. April 2025Defeated in bid to retain Setiawangsa PKR division chief post by actor-director Datuk Afdlin Shauki (631 votes to 563); also failed to retain his PKR vice-presidency post.⛓
13. 28 May 2025Submitted resignation letter as Minister of Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability to Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, effective 4 July 2025.⛓
14. 4 July 2025Formally stepped down as Minister of Natural Resources and Environmental Sustainability.⛓
15. 17–18 May 2026Together with Rafizi Ramli, announced resignation from PKR and takeover of Parti Bersama Malaysia at the PJ Performing Arts Centre; formally submitted resignation letters to the Dewan Rakyat Speaker to vacate the Setiawangsa seat.⛓
16. 20 May 2026Election Commission confirmed no by-election would be held for the vacated Setiawangsa (P118) seat, citing Article 54(1) of the Federal Constitution.⛓

选举历史

• 2022Setiawangsa (P118), W.P. Kuala Lumpur胜出⛓
• 2018Setiawangsa (P118), W.P. Kuala Lumpur胜出⛓
• 2013Seri Setia (N25), Selangor State Assembly胜出⛓
• 2008Seri Setia (N25), Selangor State Assembly胜出⛓

对关键议题的立场

• GovernmentPrime Minister Anwar Ibrahim expressed hope that Nik Nazmi would reconsider and remain as minister after his resignation announcement in May 2025, and the PMO confirmed receipt of his resignation letter while stating any further developments would be communicated in due course.⛓
• OppositionUmno president Datuk Seri Ahmad Zahid Hamidi described the decision by Nik Nazmi and Rafizi to resign from cabinet as 'principled' and praised their contributions to the government, while stating Umno was willing to accept the vacated cabinet posts but would not demand them.⛓
• VerifiedFactsThe Election Commission confirmed on 20 May 2026 that no by-elections would be held for Setiawangsa (P118) following Nik Nazmi's resignation as MP, pursuant to Article 54(1) of the Federal Constitution, as the Dewan Rakyat Speaker informed the EC there was no necessity to fill the casual vacancy.⛓
• IndustryThe Edge reported that Nik Nazmi advocated for a carbon tax that should 'start low' to gauge economic and environmental impact before raising the rate, citing Singapore's approach as a model, and intended to protect Malaysia's exports from the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).⛓
• PublicIn the 2025 PKR internal elections, Nik Nazmi lost his Setiawangsa PKR division chief post to actor-director Datuk Afdlin Shauki (631 votes to 563) and failed to retain his vice-presidency, reflecting a shift in support among PKR members.⛓

重要法律记录

尼克纳兹米是首位依据2012年《和平集会法令》（PAA）被提控的人士。事缘他于2013年5月8日在白沙罗体育馆主办"黑色505"集会，却未按规定提前10天通知警方。2014年4月25日，上诉庭三司一致裁定将他无罪释放，并裁决《和平集会法令》第9（5）条文——即将未发出通知列为刑事罪行的条款——违宪，予以废除。三位法官认为，既然集会属于和平性质，对主办人提控实属不合理。其后，总检察署尝试以同一罪名再度提控尼克纳兹米，惟均遭法庭驳回；推事庭以须受上诉庭裁决约束为由，颁令释放但不构成无罪释放。据《马来邮报》报道，尼克纳兹米于2014年11月第四度获判无罪，相关裁决亦获《马来邮报》及《The Edge Malaysia》证实。注：另一宗上诉庭案件（2015年，公诉人诉Yuneswaran）中，另一合议庭对同一条文作出相反裁定，形成法律权威冲突；联邦法院其后已于2025年7月1日正式宣判第9（5）条文无效（来源：malaymail.com；theedgemalaysia.com；en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peaceful_Assembly_Act_2012）。