努鲁伊莎 (Nurul Izzah Anwar)

概览

努鲁伊莎是马来西亚资深政治人物，曾先后出任武吉免登（2008至2018年）及峇东埔（2018至2022年）国会议员，现为公正党高层领导人之一。身为首相安华长女，她自1998年烈火莫熄运动起便活跃于马来西亚改革政治，在国会任内着重推动扶贫、工职教育、医疗保健及政府问责等议题。第15届全国大选落选后，她转任经济政策顾问，并出掌社会与经济研究倡议机构（SERI）主席一职，其后重返党内前线领导层。

简介

努鲁伊莎·安华（Nurul Izzah binti Anwar，1980年11月19日生）是马来西亚政治人物，现任首相安华及前副首相旺阿兹莎的长女[1]。她于2004年取得国能大学电子与电气工程学士学位，并于2007年5月在美国约翰霍普金斯大学高级国际研究学院（SAIS）完成国际关系硕士学位，专修东南亚研究[1]。1998年，父亲遭革职及入狱后，她积极投身公众事务，参与烈火莫熄运动，并于1999年参与创立公正党[1]。2008年第12届全国大选，她以蕉赖峇都国会议席参选，击败时任妇女部长丹斯里莎丽扎阿都贾利，首度踏入国会，此后连续两届蝉联该议席至2018年[2]。2018年第14届全国大选，她转战峇东埔，以15,668票多数胜选[2]。2022年11月19日第15届全国大选，她以5,272票之差，败于国盟伊斯兰党候选人慕罕默德法瓦兹，痛失峇东埔议席[2]。2023年1月，她获委任为首相高级经济与财政顾问，职务属义务性质；同年2月，转任由丹斯里哈山马利坎主持的财政顾问小组秘书处[3]。2024年3月，她出任社会与经济研究所（SERI）主席，任期至同年12月[1]。2025年5月，她在公正党党选中胜出，以9,803票击败现任署理主席拿督斯里拉菲兹所得的3,866票，当选公正党署理主席，任期为2025至2028年[2]。

代表性议题

努鲁伊莎与1998年烈火莫熄运动渊源深厚，长期在国会积极倡议政府问责、技职教育改革及低收入群体的社会经济权益。她曾主持技职教育赋权委员会（2018年），并联合发布《峇东埔多维贫困指数报告》（2021年）。2025年5月，她当选公正党署理主席，成为党内第二号领导人，为第16届全国大选做好部署。

政治立场

努鲁伊莎一贯倡导多元种族包容、政府透明及国会改革。她曾提呈多项私人法案，涵盖煽动法令、石油发展法、仇恨罪行及媒体管制等议题，并承诺废除《1984年印刷机与出版法令》[1]。就2022年提出的跨代烟草禁令，她表示支持，惟须同步推行全面戒烟配套措施，并须摒除企业利益干预[4]。在医疗领域，她在国会提出合约医生晋升出路问题，并表态支持社会健康保险改革，以整合公私立医疗体系[4]。她亦倡议更新贫困线收入标准，以切实反映后疫情时代的经济现实[4]。此外，她声援巴勒斯坦人民权益，呼吁终结以色列占领[1]。出任公正党署理主席后，她表明将以凝聚党内团结及推动内部改革为重点，为第16届全国大选做好准备[5]。

教育背景

1. 2004Earned a Bachelor's degree in electrical and electronic engineering from Universiti Tenaga Nasional.⛓
2. May 2007Completed a Master's degree in international relations, specialising in Southeast Asian studies, at the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington.⛓

从政前经历

1. 1998Became publicly active following the dismissal and imprisonment of her father Anwar Ibrahim, participating in the Reformasi movement.⛓

政治生涯

1. 1999Co-founded the People's Justice Party (PKR).⛓
2. March 2008Won the Lembah Pantai parliamentary seat in GE12, defeating incumbent Tan Sri Shahrizat Abdul Jalil, securing 21,728 votes to Shahrizat's 18,833.⛓
3. 28 November 2010Elected PKR's youngest vice president at the party's 7th National Congress.⛓
4. 5 May 2013Retained the Lembah Pantai seat in GE13, defeating BN's Raja Nong Chik Raja Zainal Abidin with a majority of 1,848 votes (31,008 votes to 29,160).⛓
5. 9 May 2018Won the Permatang Pauh parliamentary seat in GE14, defeating BN-UMNO's Datuk Mohd Zaidi Mohd Said with a majority of 15,668 votes.⛓
6. June 2018Appointed chairperson of the newly formed TVET Empowerment Committee by then-Education Minister Maszlee Malik.⛓
7. December 2018Appointed to the Public Accounts Committee and the Consideration of Bills Select Committee.⛓
8. 17 December 2018Announced resignation as PKR vice president and chair of the PKR Penang chapter, while retaining her role as MP for Permatang Pauh.⛓
9. October 2021Launched the Permatang Pauh Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) Report 2021, developed with economist Fatimah Kari.⛓
10. 20 July 2022Re-appointed as one of PKR's vice presidents for the 2022–2025 term.⛓
11. 19 November 2022Lost the Permatang Pauh parliamentary seat in GE15 to Perikatan Nasional-PAS candidate Muhammad Fawwaz Mohamad Jan by a majority of 5,272 votes, having received 33,366 votes.⛓
12. 3 January 2023Appointed senior economics and finance adviser to Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim in an unpaid capacity.⛓
13. February 2023Stepped down as senior adviser to the PM and joined the Secretariat of the Finance Advisory Panel, chaired by Tan Sri Hassan Marican.⛓
14. March 2024Appointed chairman of the Social and Economic Research Initiative (SERI), focusing on social development and economic equity for B40 and M40 groups and women.⛓
15. December 2024Concluded her tenure as SERI chairman.⛓
16. January 2025Assumed the role of executive chairperson at Polity.⛓
17. 23 May 2025Elected PKR deputy president for the 2025–2028 term, defeating incumbent Datuk Seri Rafizi Ramli with 9,803 votes to Rafizi's 3,866.⛓

选举历史

• 2022Permatang Pauh落败⛓
• 2018Permatang Pauh胜出⛓
• 2013Lembah Pantai胜出⛓
• 2008Lembah Pantai胜出⛓

对关键议题的立场

• GovernmentPKR president and Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim stated that Nurul Izzah's election as PKR deputy president reflects the grassroots' choice, rejecting nepotism allegations and noting that she was elected by party members through an open intra-party process.⛓
• OppositionAccording to Malaysiakini, Pasir Gudang MP Hassan Abdul Karim stated that if Anwar keeps turning a deaf ear to complaints — including from PKR deputy president Nurul Izzah — over MACC-related concerns, the premier risks his legitimacy as head of government.⛓
• PublicNurul Izzah's election as PKR deputy president prompted public discourse over nepotism and dynastic politics; both she and Anwar dismissed these claims, with Anwar emphasising she secured the position through an intra-party democratic election.⛓
• ExpertCodeBlue reported that addiction expert Dr Adeeba Kamarulzaman (Universiti Malaya) supported Nurul Izzah's opioid harm reduction initiative in Permatang Pauh, noting there is little evidence that incarceration reduces substance abuse.⛓
• VerifiedFactsNurul Izzah served as MP for Lembah Pantai (GE12 and GE13) and Permatang Pauh (GE14), lost Permatang Pauh in GE15 (2022) by 5,272 votes, and was elected PKR deputy president in May 2025 with 9,803 votes, defeating incumbent Rafizi Ramli.⛓