西华古玛 (Sivakumar Varatharaju Naidu)

概览

西华古玛（1970年12月5日生）是行动党籍巴登加刚国会议员，自2013年起连续出任至今，此前于2008年至2013年担任特伦吾州议员。他在历史上具有重要地位，是马来西亚首位印裔州议会议长，并在2009年霹雳州宪制危机中扮演关键角色。他于2022年12月至2023年12月出任人力资源部长，其后在首相安华首次内阁改组中去职。

简介

西华古玛（Sivakumar s/o Varatharaju Naidu，1970年12月5日生于霹雳）是民主行动党（民主行动党）籍马来西亚政治人物，行动党为希盟成员党[1]。自2013年5月起，他出任霹雳州巴登加刚国会议员至今[1]。此前，他于2008年3月至2013年5月担任霹雳州特伦吾州议员，并于2008年4月至2009年5月出任霹雳州议会议长，成为马来西亚历史上首位出任州议会议长的印裔人士[1]。2022年12月，他获委任为首相安华领导的团结政府人力资源部长，惟于2023年12月安华首次内阁改组时去职[2]。学历方面，他持有马来亚大学经济学（公共行政专业）学士学位（1994年），以及美国人寿保险管理协会保险机构管理副学士学位（2000年）[3]。维基百科另载其持有法律哲学学士及工商管理硕士学位，惟暂无第二来源证实。他于1997年加入行动党，曾任怡保峇株国会议员古拉斯加兰的政治秘书[4]。自2017年11月起，他出任行动党副秘书长[1]。西华古玛与任教于怡保的妻子S·伊斯瓦里育有三名子女[1]。他现列名于马来西亚国会官方议员名册，为现任巴登加刚国会议员[5]。

代表性议题

西华古玛广为人知的，是他成为马来西亚首位出任州议会议长的印裔政治人物。2009年霹雳州宪制危机期间，议员遭拒于议事厅门外，他在一棵雨树下主持州议会紧急会议，此举震动全国[6]。2022年12月至2023年12月出任人力资源部长期间，他是安华政府2023年内阁改组前唯一的印裔全职部长[1]。自2013年起，他连续多届以悬殊票数守住巴登加刚国会议席[7]。

政治立场

西华古玛长期公开倡议维护马来西亚印裔社群权益。2019年10月，他以巴登加刚国会议员身份在国会炮轰首相署辖下的马来西亚印裔振兴机构（Mitra），指该机构将拨款流向未能真正提升印裔社群社会经济地位的非政府组织，并质疑款项被拨予未注册教育机构[3]。出任人力资源部长期间，他指示职业安全与卫生局（DOSH）就2022年12月峇冬加里露营地山泥倾泻事故展开调查，以厘清是否存在违反职场安全条规的情况[7]。2021年11月，他亦在国会提出囚犯康复及重返社会议题[3]。2009年霹雳州宪制危机期间，身为州议会议长的他援引常规议事程序第89条，以其拥有最终诠释权为由，召开紧急会议，提呈动议确认民联政府合法性，并寻求通过解散州议会以举行重选[1]。

教育背景

1. 1994Obtained a Bachelor's Degree in Economics with a specialisation in Public Administration from the University of Malaya.⛓
2. 2000Obtained an Associate Degree in Insurance Agency Administration (AIAA) from the Life Office Management Association, United States.⛓

从政前经历

1. 1997Joined the Democratic Action Party (DAP) and began serving as political secretary to Ipoh Barat MP M. Kulasegaran.⛓

政治生涯

1. March 2008Won the Tronoh state seat in the 12th General Election (GE12), defeating BN's Lee Kim Choy with a majority of 2,571 votes.⛓
2. April 2008Elected Speaker of the Perak State Legislative Assembly by secret ballot with 31 votes against incumbent Junus Wahid's 28 votes, becoming the first ethnic Indian to hold the position in a Malaysian legislature.⛓
3. 3 March 2009As Speaker, convened an emergency sitting of the Perak State Assembly under a rain tree after members were denied access to the assembly building during the Perak constitutional crisis. The session tabled motions on the legitimacy of the Pakatan Rakyat government and on dissolving the assembly for fresh polls.⛓
4. May 2009Tenure as Speaker of the Perak State Legislative Assembly ended.⛓
5. May 2013Won the parliamentary constituency of Batu Gajah in GE13, succeeding incumbent Fong Po Kuan who did not contest.⛓
6. 12 November 2017Appointed DAP Deputy Secretary-General after the 16th National Congress and CEC election.⛓
7. May 2018Defended the Batu Gajah parliamentary seat in GE14, winning with 52,850 votes (64.9% vote share) and a majority of 43,868.⛓
8. 20 March 2022Reappointed as DAP Deputy Secretary-General after the 17th National Congress, co-opted into the CEC.⛓
9. November 2022Won the Batu Gajah parliamentary seat in GE15 with 60,999 votes (54.5% vote share) and a majority of 53,836, defeating PN's Woo Cheong Yuen and BN's Teoh Chin Chong.⛓
10. 3 December 2022Appointed Minister of Human Resources in Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim's Unity Government cabinet.⛓
11. 12 December 2023Dropped from Cabinet in PM Anwar Ibrahim's first Cabinet reshuffle, the only minister removed. Replaced by Steven Sim Chee Keong as Human Resources Minister.⛓

选举历史

• 2022Batu Gajah (P066)胜出54.5%⛓
• 2018Batu Gajah (P066)胜出64.9%⛓
• 2013Batu Gajah (P066)胜出⛓
• 2008Tronoh (State)胜出⛓

对关键议题的立场

• OppositionAccording to FMT, Parti Sosialis Malaysia (PSM) welcomed Sivakumar's removal as Human Resources Minister in the December 2023 cabinet reshuffle, with PSM deputy chairman S. Arutchelvan stating they had been unable to work with him unlike previous HR ministers.⛓
• VerifiedFactsFMT reported that Sivakumar's tenure as Minister of Human Resources was marked by a Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC) probe into the recruitment of foreign workers, which led to the arrest of three of his aides, who were subsequently released. Sivakumar was neither a witness nor a suspect. He sacked five aides after the probe. PM Anwar said at the time there was no need for Sivakumar to go on garden leave.⛓
• GovernmentSinar Harian reported that Sivakumar denied any involvement in allegations raised in Parliament by MP Awang Hashim (PAS-Pendang) concerning the discovery of RM94 million linked to a former DAP Human Resources Minister, stating the allegations were baseless and politically motivated. MACC subsequently clarified that its Chief Commissioner had never made any statement about finding RM94 million at a former minister's residence.⛓

商业利益（公开报道）

据《马来邮报》及马新社报道，西华古马（Sivakumar）曾于2019年出任霹雳基金会（Yayasan Perak，伊波）董事会成员，并于2018年担任吉隆坡马来西亚橡胶出口促进理事会信托委员会成员。上述职务均属公共利益或法定机构性质，并非私人商业利益。目前未见任何媒体报道涉及其私人商业利益。