祖莱达 (Zuraida Kamaruddin)

概览

祖莱达·卡玛鲁丁曾连续三届出任安邦区国会议员（2008至2022年），并先后在马哈迪、慕尤丁及依斯迈沙比里三届联邦政府中担任部长，主管房屋及地方政府，以及种植业及原产品两个领域。她是2020年2月「喜来登行动」政治重组的核心人物之一，该事件直接导致希盟政府倒台。此后两年间，她先后经历公正党、土团党及PBM三个政党。2022年11月第15届全国大选，她以PBM旗帜上阵安邦选区，仅获4.39%选票，丧失按柜金，失去议席。

简介

拿督祖莱达·卡玛鲁丁（Zuraida binti Kamaruddin，1958年3月14日生于新加坡）是马来西亚政治人物，曾于2008年3月至2022年11月间担任雪兰莪州安邦区国会议员[1]。她以公正党（公正党）旗帜连续三届守住该选区议席，惟其后一连串的政党转换成为其政治生涯后期的显著标志[1]。从政前，祖莱达自1980年起在私人领域发展，先后任职于澳大利亚Frank Small & Associates及日本Chuo Senko Advertising广告公司，其后加入友邦保险（AIA）、盛世长城（Saatchi & Saatchi）及雅芳（AVON (M) Berhad）等机构[1]。1998年，她转型为培训与励志顾问[1]。2007年5月，她正式加入公正党，并晋升为党妇女组主任及副主席[1]。2018年，她获时任首相马哈迪委任为房屋及地方政府部长，后于慕尤丁任相期间续任该职[1]。2020年2月，她在与「喜来登行动」政治重组相关的风波中遭公正党开除党籍，随后转投土团党（土团党），并获依斯迈沙比里委任为种植业及原产品部长[1]。2022年5月，她离开土团党，正式加入马来西亚民族党（PBM），并获委任为候任主席[2]。同年11月第15届全国大选，她以PBM旗帜上阵安邦选区，惟仅获4.39%选票，以丧失按柜金告终[3]。2022年12月下旬，她因未回应党方的书面质问，遭PBM开除党籍[1]。

代表性议题

祖莱达以公正党旗帜连续三届（2008至2022年）守住安邦国会议席，并因参与2020年2月导致希盟政府垮台的「喜来登行动」政治重组而广受关注[2]。她先后在三届政府中出任房屋及地方政府部长及种植业及原产品部长[1]。约两年内从公正党转至土团党、再转至PBM的频繁政党变动，引发公众与媒体的高度关注[4]。

政治立场

出任房屋及地方政府部长期间（2018至2020年），祖莱达积极推动改善B40群体生活条件的政策，包括推行旨在扶持居住于人民组屋（PPR）低收入社群的《国家社区政策》（NCP）[3]。她也主导在餐饮场所附近设立指定吸烟区，作为全面禁止餐厅吸烟前的过渡性措施[5]。出任种植业及原产品部长期间（2021至2022年），她积极推广社区桉树种植计划，以带动农村收入及提振木材出口，并强调马来西亚木材产品在国际市场上具竞争力[6]。祖莱达公开表明支持多元种族政治理念，并以此作为加入PBM的主因，指该党比土团党更契合她以多元社群为基础的基层选区[4]。她长期活跃于妇女赋权议题，曾担任雪兰莪妇女赋权学院（IWB）顾问及马来西亚妇女政治领袖理事会（Comwel）主席[1][7]。

从政前经历

1. 1980Began private-sector career at Frank Small & Associates in Australia as Qualitative Study Manager, before progressing to Chuo Senko Advertising (Japan) as Marketing Research and Account Planning Manager.⛓
2. 1980s–1990sWorked with American International Assurance (AIA), Saatchi & Saatchi Advertising, AVON (M) Berhad, and Flaireborne (M) Sdn Bhd.⛓
3. 1998Became a training and motivational consultant, advising companies including Petronas, Oriflame, Nutrimetics, and Shinetsu in Texas.⛓

政治生涯

1. May 2007Joined Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR) and was appointed Women Chief of the party, a position she held until November 2018.⛓
2. March 2008Won the Ampang parliamentary seat in GE12 representing PKR, defeating incumbent Rozaidah Talib with a majority of 3,676 votes.⛓
3. May 2013Successfully defended the Ampang seat in GE13 under PKR, increasing her majority to 13,278 votes.⛓
4. May 2018Won Ampang for a third consecutive term under PKR/Pakatan Harapan (PH) in GE14 with a majority of 41,956 votes; subsequently appointed Minister of Housing and Local Government under PM Mahathir Mohamad.⛓
5. November 2018Elected Vice-President of PKR at the party elections, having previously served as Women Chief since May 2007.⛓
6. February 2020Expelled from PKR alongside Azmin Ali following the 'Sheraton Move' political realignment. She and nine other MPs subsequently joined BERSATU, precipitating the collapse of the PH government.⛓
7. March 2020Re-appointed Minister of Housing and Local Government under incoming Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin's Perikatan Nasional administration.⛓
8. August 2021Appointed Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities under Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob's Barisan Nasional administration.⛓
9. May 2022Officially left BERSATU and announced her entry into Parti Bangsa Malaysia (PBM); was subsequently appointed PBM president-designate in June 2022.⛓
10. 19 November 2022Contested GE15 under PBM for the Ampang seat for a fourth time; lost to PH's Rodziah Ismail, finishing fourth with only 4,589 votes (4.39%) and forfeiting her election deposit.⛓
11. Late December 2022Expelled from PBM by the party's disciplinary committee after failing to respond to a show-cause letter from PBM president Larry Sng.⛓

选举历史

• 2022Ampang落败4.39%⛓
• 2018Ampang胜出⛓
• 2013Ampang胜出⛓
• 2008Ampang胜出⛓

对关键议题的立场

• OppositionMalaysiakini reported that PKR described Zuraida's departure as a breach of a signed party bond, and the party subsequently sued her for RM10 million, arguing she had agreed to pay the sum if she left PKR after winning a seat on the party's ticket.⛓
• GovernmentPBM president Larry Sng, upon Zuraida's official entry into PBM in June 2022, expressed hope that she would be retained in Cabinet as Minister of Plantation Industries and Commodities and stated that PBM's grassroots, political bureau and supreme council had agreed for her to drive the party's development.⛓
• PublicMalay Mail reported that some Ampang voters in November 2022 recognised Zuraida's constituency presence, with one resident noting she 'frequently visits the constituency' and 'does her work as an MP', though others were unaware she had switched parties.⛓
• VerifiedFactsZuraida served as MP for Ampang across three consecutive terms (GE12–GE14, 2008–2022) and held Cabinet positions in three successive administrations. She lost GE15 under PBM with 4.39% of votes, forfeiting her deposit. She was subsequently expelled from PBM in December 2022.⛓